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- этимология
Что (кто) такое mesonic atom - определение
NEUTRAL COMPOSITE PARTICLE WITH SOME COMPONENTS NOT FOUND IN NORMAL ATOMS
Mesonic atom; Muonic atom; Hadronic atom; Antiprotonic atom; Sigmaonic atom; Antiprotonic atoms; Hadronic atoms; Mesonic atoms; Sigmaonic atoms; Exotic atoms; Mumesic atom; Pionic hydrogen; Pionic deuterium; Mu-mesic; Mu-mesic atom; Muonic hydrogen; Mesic atom; Pionic atom; Exotic compound; Exotic molecule; Pionic tritium; Hydrogen-4.1
Exotic atom
An exotic atom is an otherwise normal atom in which one or more sub-atomic particles have been replaced by other particles of the same charge. For example, electrons may be replaced by other negatively charged particles such as muons (muonic atoms) or pions (pionic atoms).
atom
![hydrogen-like]] atomic orbitals showing probability density and phase ('''g''' orbitals and higher are not shown)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Atomic-orbital-clouds spdf m0.png?width=200 "hydrogen-like]] atomic orbitals showing probability density and phase ('''g''' orbitals and higher are not shown)")
![These electron's energy levels (not to scale) are sufficient for ground states of atoms up to [[cadmium]] (5s<sup>2</sup> 4d<sup>10</sup>) inclusively. Do not forget that even the top of the diagram is lower than an unbound electron state.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Atomic orbital energy levels.svg?width=200 "These electron's energy levels (not to scale) are sufficient for ground states of atoms up to [[cadmium]] (5s<sup>2</sup> 4d<sup>10</sup>) inclusively. Do not forget that even the top of the diagram is lower than an unbound electron state.")
![100]]) surface. The surface atoms deviate from the bulk [[crystal structure]] and arrange in columns several atoms wide with pits between them (See [[surface reconstruction]]).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Atomic resolution Au100.JPG?width=200 "100]]) surface. The surface atoms deviate from the bulk [[crystal structure]] and arrange in columns several atoms wide with pits between them (See [[surface reconstruction]]).")
![The [[binding energy]] needed for a nucleon to escape the nucleus, for various isotopes](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Binding energy curve - common isotopes.svg?width=200 "The [[binding energy]] needed for a nucleon to escape the nucleus, for various isotopes")
![Graphic illustrating the formation of a [[Bose–Einstein condensate]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bose Einstein condensate.png?width=200 "Graphic illustrating the formation of a [[Bose–Einstein condensate]]")
![Atoms and molecules as depicted in [[John Dalton]]'s ''A New System of Chemical Philosophy'' vol. 1 (1808)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Daltons symbols.gif?width=200 "Atoms and molecules as depicted in [[John Dalton]]'s ''A New System of Chemical Philosophy'' vol. 1 (1808)")
![The [[Geiger–Marsden experiment]]:<br /> ''Left:'' Expected results: alpha particles passing through the plum pudding model of the atom with negligible deflection.<br /> ''Right:'' Observed results: a small portion of the particles were deflected by the concentrated positive charge of the nucleus.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Geiger-Marsden experiment expectation and result.svg?width=200 "The [[Geiger–Marsden experiment]]:<br /> ''Left:'' Expected results: alpha particles passing through the plum pudding model of the atom with negligible deflection.<br /> ''Right:'' Observed results: a small portion of the particles were deflected by the concentrated positive charge of the nucleus.")
![Periodic table showing the origin of each element. Elements from carbon up to sulfur may be made in small stars by the [[alpha process]]. Elements beyond iron are made in large stars with slow neutron capture ([[s-process]]). Elements heavier than iron may be made in neutron star mergers or supernovae after the [[r-process]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nucleosynthesis periodic table.svg?width=200 "Periodic table showing the origin of each element. Elements from carbon up to sulfur may be made in small stars by the [[alpha process]]. Elements beyond iron are made in large stars with slow neutron capture ([[s-process]]). Elements heavier than iron may be made in neutron star mergers or supernovae after the [[r-process]].")
![A potential well, showing, according to [[classical mechanics]], the minimum energy ''V''(''x'') needed to reach each position ''x''. Classically, a particle with energy ''E'' is constrained to a range of positions between ''x''<sub>1</sub> and ''x''<sub>2</sub>.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Potential energy well.svg?width=200 "A potential well, showing, according to [[classical mechanics]], the minimum energy ''V''(''x'') needed to reach each position ''x''. Classically, a particle with energy ''E'' is constrained to a range of positions between ''x''<sub>1</sub> and ''x''<sub>2</sub>.")
![Illustration of a nuclear fusion process that forms a deuterium nucleus, consisting of a proton and a neutron, from two protons. A [[positron]] (e<sup>+</sup>)—an [[antimatter]] electron—is emitted along with an electron [[neutrino]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wpdms physics proton proton chain 1.svg?width=200 "Illustration of a nuclear fusion process that forms a deuterium nucleus, consisting of a proton and a neutron, from two protons. A [[positron]] (e<sup>+</sup>)—an [[antimatter]] electron—is emitted along with an electron [[neutrino]].")
SMALLEST UNIT OF A CHEMICAL ELEMENT
Atoms; Atomic chemical; Atom and Atomic Theory; Atomic structure; Polyelectronic atoms; Bound-bound; Bound-bound transition; Structure of the atom; Multielectron atom; Ancient atom; Chemical atom; Chemical Atom; Number of atoms on Earth; Polyelectronic; Monoelectronic; Atomic system
(atoms)
An atom is the smallest amount of a substance that can take part in a chemical reaction.
N-COUNT
Atom
SMALLEST UNIT OF A CHEMICAL ELEMENT
Atoms; Atomic chemical; Atom and Atomic Theory; Atomic structure; Polyelectronic atoms; Bound-bound; Bound-bound transition; Structure of the atom; Multielectron atom; Ancient atom; Chemical atom; Chemical Atom; Number of atoms on Earth; Polyelectronic; Monoelectronic; Atomic system
·vt To reduce to atoms.
II. Atom ·noun An ultimate indivisible particle of matter.
III. Atom ·noun Anything extremely small; a particle; a whit.
IV. Atom ·noun An ultimate particle of matter not necessarily indivisible; a molecule.
V. Atom ·noun A constituent particle of matter, or a molecule supposed to be made up of subordinate particles.
VI. Atom ·noun The smallest particle of matter that can enter into combination; one of the elementary constituents of a molecule.
Википедия
Exotic atom
An exotic atom is an otherwise normal atom in which one or more sub-atomic particles have been replaced by other particles of the same charge. For example, electrons may be replaced by other negatively charged particles such as muons (muonic atoms) or pions (pionic atoms). Because these substitute particles are usually unstable, exotic atoms typically have very short lifetimes and no exotic atom observed so far can persist under normal conditions.
